Fake News and Truth-based Media Dilemmas

By

Obododimma Oha

I am not a professional on media or on news and newsworthiness in society, but I have read enlightening articles by some experts on these, for instance, Johann Galtung. Galtung is very much interested in the politics around news and newsworthiness, something that those of us who are lay people sometimes take for granted and accept whatever we are fed with as news. Galtung the expert argues that the idea of “news” as the narrative of an unusual happening worthy of public attention is subject to some crucial considerations, such as:

1. What makes the happening unusual?
2. Who determines that the happening is “unusual” in social discourse?
3. Who determines what is worthy of public attention?

He, thus, draws our attention to the politics in the decision as what is worth bringing to public attention and what is not or who decides it. At the heart of this, he says, is the divide between the centre and the margin or periphery and the attachment of attention to things affecting the centre as important and newsworthy. The affairs of the periphery that can only make news are terrible things and those terrible things have to be of a high magnitude or of an unbearable proportion before they can become news. One could see clearly that newsworthiness is still as defined by the privileged in society. To focus on the simple lives of the less privileged (unless they are very nasty and despicable) is to upturn the order. So, if the ruler farts, it is news, but if the same is done by a character in the periphery, it is not news. Is that not an unrepentant Marxist reading? Well, it is obviously a dominant view of newsworthiness now and it gets one worried about crippled mumuness masquerading as knowldge!

For the avoidance of doubt, Galtung’s view could be tested and found valid in relation to the following:

1. Events involving women as opposed to events involving men;
2. Events involving Africa as opposed to events involving the West;
3. Events involving the awfully rich as opposed to events involving the dismally poor;
4. Event involving (some) rulers as opposed to events involving their subjects.

So, sorry for the margins. Very sorry for them. The margins could be given the shit, while the centre is pampered. The margins would pay the tax and the money, maybe billions, would be given by Father Christmas to those who help to devour the margins. The margins may be shot fatally at sight, while the centre is begged for forgiveness for the teargas used on it. The margins may be arrested and incarcerated, while the centre (actually terrorist) is given a settlement without going through the normal approval process. You see, we need to be sorry for the margins. They can only attract global attention if their massacre is luckily seen as being beyond the local capacity to manage and if the theatre of entertainment involving mayhem needs to enter Act Two, Scene One. I am so sorry for the margins.

Now, if one looks at the idea of “fake news” in this context of newsworthiness, one quickly understands how fakeness, more than being a weapon against the other, stimulates serious thinking about news and truth. Is one not already in the province of philosophy, another frightening zone, in reflecting on it? Ask Bertrand Russell and others: truth is one of the headaches of philosophy as a discipline. And why should one rush in in that dangerous zone where angels fear to tread?

That notwithstanding, the idea of truth in the news, which may become “fake news,”makes Governor Pontius Pilate the son of his father. “What is truth?” to quote him. Did one see with one’s cataract-free eye-balls, or through the eyes of another?  How are we so sure that what is considered “fake news” is not another weaponization of newsworthiness and news, or that it is not not another fake packaging, sometimes involving an attempt at not reading fully or not verifying anything? How are we sure that the label is not another powering of a mine recovered from the enemy, from a radio-without batteries, on the battle-field?

Now, when I hear “news,” “newsworthiness,” and “fake news,” I sit properly and try to count all my teeth with my tongue, instead of letting my dentist do it, knowing that this may be an opportunity for a false moralistic model to score a cheap point! I try to activate a powerful critical thinking software. I try to be very alert, and to wait for  the shot. The shrapnel of the explosive may get to me!



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